Application
Plumbing
Sewerage
Residential
Agriculture
Sand casting, the most widely used casting process, utilizes expendable sand molds to form complex metal parts that can be made of nearly any alloy. Because the sand mold must be destroyed in order to remove the part, called the casting, sand casting typically has a low production rate. The sand casting process involves the use of a furnace, metal, pattern, and sand mold. The metal is melted in the furnace and then ladled and poured into the cavity of the sand mold, which is formed by the pattern. The sand mold separates along a parting line and the solidified casting can be removed. The steps in this process are described in greater detail in the next section.
➨ The manufacturing process begins with the procurement of raw materials. For PVC pipes, the primary raw material is PVC resin, along with various additives such as stabilizers, plasticizers, and pigments. ➨ Raw materials are received, inspected, and stored in designated areas within the factory.
➨ PVC resin and additives are carefully measured and mixed in precise proportions according to the desired specifications for the pipes. ➨ This mixing process is typically carried out in specialized equipment such as high-speed mixers to ensure uniform distribution of additives.
➨ The mixed PVC compound is fed into an extruder, which heats the material and forces it through a die to form the desired shape of the pipe. ➨ The extruded PVC pipe passes through a calibration tool to ensure its dimensions conform to industry standards. ➨ Cooling tanks or water sprays are used to rapidly cool the extruded pipe to set its shape.
➨ Once cooled, the extruded pipe is cut to the required length using precision cutting equipment. ➨ Additional sizing equipment may be used to adjust the diameter and wall thickness of the pipes according to specifications.
➨ For pipes with socketed or bell ends (common in plumbing applications), specialized equipment is used to form these features. ➨ The socketing process may involve heating and shaping the pipe end to create a socket or bell shape for joining with other pipes or fittings.
➨ Throughout the manufacturing process, quality control measures are implemented to ensure that the pipes meet specified standards. ➨ Inspections may include checks for dimensional accuracy, wall thickness, surface finish, and other quality criteria.
➨ Finished pipes are packaged according to customer requirements and industry standards. ➨ Packaging may involve bundling pipes together, shrink-wrapping, or placing them in boxes or crates for transportation and storage.
➨ Waste generated during the manufacturing process, such as trimmings and offcuts, is collected and properly disposed of or recycled to minimize environmental impact.